Over 80% of the carbon dioxide (CO 2) generated by human activity (around 35 billion tonnes a year) comes from burning them, compared to 4 billion from land development. The large-scale burning of fossil fuels causes serious environmental damage.
In 2019, 84% of primary energy consumption in the world and 64% of its electricity was from fossil fuels. The conversion from these materials to high-carbon fossil fuels typically require a geological process of millions of years. The origin of fossil fuels is the anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing organic molecules created by photosynthesis. Some fossil fuels are refined into derivatives such as kerosene, gasoline and propane before burning. Fossil fuels may be burned to provide heat for use directly (such as for cooking or heating), to power engines (such as internal combustion engines in motor vehicles), or to generate electricity. The main fossil fuels (from top to bottom): natural gas, oil, and coalĪ fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed naturally in the Earth's crust from the remains of dead plants and animals that is extracted and burned as a fuel.
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